Carl Pieper, DrPH

Department:
Biostatistics and Bioinformatics

Email Address:
carl.pieper@duke.edu

Address:
Box 3003
DUMC
Durham, NC 27710

Telephone:
9196607525

Research Interests:
Issues in the Design of Medical Experiments:  I have explored the use of reliability/generalizability models in experimental design.  In addition to incorporation of reliability, I have studied powering longitudinal trials with multiple outcomes and substantial missing data using Mixed models.    

Issues in the Analysis of Repeated Measures Designs & Longitudinal Data: Use of Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM) or Mixed Models in modeling trajectories of physical and cognitive functioning and Blood Pressure over time.  My current work involves methodologies in simultaneous estimation of trajectories for multiple variables within and between domains, modeling of co-occuring change for variables within different domains.

Areas of Substantive interest:  (1) Experimental design and analysis in gerontology and geriatrics, drug abuse, and psychiatry, and (2) Analysis of laboratory and field assessment of blood pressure and other stress response indicators.

Publications:
2007 -- Pubmed # 17283740 -- Lane JD, Seskevich JE, Pieper CF. Brief meditation training can improve perceived stress and negative mood. Altern Ther Health Med. 2007 Jan-Feb;13(1):38-44.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16910908 -- Cohen A, Pieper CF, Brown AJ, Bastian LA. Number of children and risk of metabolic syndrome in women. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2006 Jul-Aug;15(6):763-73.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16849763 -- Demark-Wahnefried W, Clipp EC, Morey MC, Pieper CF, Sloane R, Snyder DC, Cohen HJ. Lifestyle intervention development study to improve physical function in older adults with cancer: outcomes from Project LEAD. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jul 20;24(21):3465-73.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16776790 -- Fillenbaum GG, Hybels CF, Pieper CF, Konrad TR, Burchett BM, Blazer DG. Provider characteristics related to antidepressant use in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Jun;54(6):942-9.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16720750 -- Hanlon JT, Pieper CF, Hajjar ER, Sloane RJ, Lindblad CI, Ruby CM, Schmader KE. Incidence and predictors of all and preventable adverse drug reactions in frail elderly persons after hospital stay. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 May;61(5):511-5.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16772744 -- Hayden KM, Zandi PP, Lyketsos CG, Khachaturian AS, Bastian LA, Charoonruk G, Tschanz JT, Norton MC, Pieper CF, Munger RG, Breitner JC, Welsh-Bohmer KA, . Vascular risk factors for incident Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia: the Cache County study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2006 Apr-Jun;20(2):93-100.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16731718 -- Hybels CF, Blazer DG, Pieper CF, Burchett BM, Hays JC, Fillenbaum GG, Kubzansky LD, Berkman LF. Sociodemographic characteristics of the neighborhood and depressive symptoms in older adults: using multilevel modeling in geriatric psychiatry. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;14(6):498-506.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16930086 -- Kaiser RM, Schmader KE, Pieper CF, Lindblad CI, Ruby CM, Hanlon JT. Therapeutic failure-related hospitalisations in the frail elderly. Drugs Aging. 2006;23(7):579-86.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16982290 -- Lindblad CI, Hanlon JT, Gross CR, Sloane RJ, Pieper CF, Hajjar ER, Ruby CM, Schmader KE. Clinically important drug-disease interactions and their prevalence in older adults. Clin Ther. 2006 Aug;28(8):1133-43.

2006 -- Pubmed # 16866679 -- Whitson HE, Pieper CF, Sanders L, Horner RD, Duncan PW, Lyles KW. Adding injury to insult: fracture risk after stroke in veterans. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Jul;54(7):1082-8.

2005 -- Pubmed # 15800142 -- Blazer DG, Hybels CF, Fillenbaum GG, Pieper CF. Predictors of antidepressant use among older adults: have they changed over time? Am J Psychiatry. 2005 Apr;162(4):705-10.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16153551 -- Criscione LG, Elliott AL, Stabler T, Jordan JM, Pieper CF, Kraus VB. Variation of serum hyaluronan with activity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2005 Sep;13(9):837-40.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16227448 -- Fillenbaum GG, Kuchibhatla MN, Hanlon JT, Artz MB, Pieper CF, Schmader KE, Dysken MW, Gray SL. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease in community-dwelling elders taking vitamin C and/or vitamin E. Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Dec;39(12):2009-14.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16137281 -- Hajjar ER, Hanlon JT, Sloane RJ, Lindblad CI, Pieper CF, Ruby CM, Branch LC, Schmader KE. Unnecessary drug use in frail older people at hospital discharge. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Sep;53(9):1518-23.

2005 -- Pubmed # 15935014 -- Hayden KM, Zandi PP, Lyketsos CG, Tschanz JT, Norton MC, Khachaturian AS, Pieper CF, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Breitner JC, . Apolipoprotein E genotype and mortality: findings from the Cache County Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Jun;53(6):935-42.

2005 -- Pubmed # 15687479 -- Lindblad CI, Artz MB, Pieper CF, Sloane RJ, Hajjar ER, Ruby CM, Schmader KE, Hanlon JT. Potential drug-disease interactions in frail, hospitalized elderly veterans. Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Mar;39(3):412-7.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16274380 -- Purser JL, Fillenbaum GG, Pieper CF, Wallace RB. Mild cognitive impairment and 10-year trajectories of disability in the Iowa Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Nov;53(11):1966-72.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16320148 -- Purser JL, Weinberger M, Cohen HJ, Pieper CF, Morey MC, Li T, Williams GR, Lapuerta P. Walking speed predicts health status and hospital costs for frail elderly male veterans. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2005 Jul-Aug;42(4):535-46.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16177455 -- Ruby CM, Hanlon JT, Fillenbaum GG, Pieper CF, Branch LG, Bump RC. Medication use and control of urination among community-dwelling older adults. J Aging Health. 2005 Oct;17(5):661-74.

2005 -- Pubmed # 15948303 -- Steffens DC, Pieper CF, Bosworth HB, MacFall JR, Provenzale JM, Payne ME, Carroll BJ, George LK, Krishnan KR. Biological and social predictors of long-term geriatric depression outcome. Int Psychogeriatr. 2005 Mar;17(1):41-56.

2005 -- Pubmed # 16372923 -- Stookey JD, Pieper CF, Cohen HJ. Is the prevalence of dehydration among community-dwelling older adults really low? Informing current debate over the fluid recommendation for adults aged 70+years. Public Health Nutr. 2005 Dec;8(8):1275-85.

2005 -- Pubmed # 15772498 -- Vann RD, Pollock NW, Pieper CF, Murdoch DR, Muza SR, Natoli MJ, Wang LY. Statistical models of acute mountain sickness. High Alt Med Biol. 2005;6(1):32-42.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15200749 -- Colón-Emeric CS, Caminis J, Suh TT, Pieper CF, Janning C, Magaziner J, Adachi J, Rosario-Jansen T, Mesenbrink P, Horowitz ZD, Lyles KW, . The HORIZON Recurrent Fracture Trial: design of a clinical trial in the prevention of subsequent fractures after low trauma hip fracture repair. Curr Med Res Opin. 2004 Jun;20(6):903-10.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15516261 -- Demark-Wahnefried W, Clipp EC, Morey MC, Pieper CF, Sloane R, Snyder DC, Cohen HJ. Physical function and associations with diet and exercise: Results of a cross-sectional survey among elders with breast or prostate cancer. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2004 10 29;1(1):16.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15619855 -- Freiberger JJ, Lyman SJ, Denoble PJ, Pieper CF, Vann RD. Consensus factors used by experts in the diagnosis of decompression illness. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004 Dec;75(12):1023-8.

2004 -- Pubmed # 14742785 -- Hanlon JT, Artz MB, Pieper CF, Lindblad CI, Sloane RJ, Ruby CM, Schmader KE. Inappropriate medication use among frail elderly inpatients. Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Jan;38(1):9-14.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15210546 -- Hayden KM, Pieper CF, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Breitner JC, Norton MC, Munger R. Self- or proxy-reported stroke and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2004 Jun;61(6):982; author reply 983.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15586837 -- Joseph AM, Arikian NJ, An LC, Nugent SM, Sloan RJ, Pieper CF, . Results of a randomized controlled trial of intervention to implement smoking guidelines in Veterans Affairs medical centers: increased use of medications without cessation benefit. Med Care. 2004 Nov;42(11):1100-10.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15006588 -- Schmader KE, Hanlon JT, Pieper CF, Sloane R, Ruby CM, Twersky J, Francis SD, Branch LG, Lindblad CI, Artz M, Weinberger M, Feussner JR, Cohen HJ. Effects of geriatric evaluation and management on adverse drug reactions and suboptimal prescribing in the frail elderly. Am J Med. 2004 Mar 15;116(6):394-401.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15470712 -- Seo PH, Pieper CF, Cohen HJ. Effects of cancer history and comorbid conditions on mortality and healthcare use among older cancer survivors. Cancer. 2004 Nov 15;101(10):2276-84.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15575352 -- Stookey JD, Pieper CF, Cohen HJ. Hypertonic hyperglycemia progresses to diabetes faster than normotonic hyperglycemia. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004;19(10):935-44.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15271119 -- Stookey JD, Purser JL, Pieper CF, Cohen HJ. Plasma hypertonicity: another marker of frailty? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Aug;52(8):1313-20.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15686274 -- Vann RD, Gerth WA, Denoble PJ, Pieper CF, Thalmann ED. Experimental trials to assess the risks of decompression sickness in flying after diving. Undersea Hyperb Med. 2004;31(4):431-44.

2004 -- Pubmed # 15126670 -- Varjú G, Pieper CF, Renner JB, Kraus VB. Assessment of hand osteoarthritis: correlation between thermographic and radiographic methods. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Jul;43(7):915-9.

2003 -- Pubmed # 12637131 -- Cohen HJ, Harris T, Pieper CF. Coagulation and activation of inflammatory pathways in the development of functional decline and mortality in the elderly. Am J Med. 2003 Feb 15;114(3):180-7.

2003 -- Pubmed # 12689742 -- Demark-Wahnefried W, Morey MC, Clipp EC, Pieper CF, Snyder DC, Sloane R, Cohen HJ. Leading the Way in Exercise and Diet (Project LEAD): intervening to improve function among older breast and prostate cancer survivors. Control Clin Trials. 2003 Apr;24(2):206-23.

2003 -- Pubmed # 12657987 -- McConnell ES, Branch LG, Sloane RJ, Pieper CF. Natural history of change in physical function among long-stay nursing home residents. Nurs Res. 2003 Mar-Apr;52(2):119-26.

2002 -- Pubmed # 12021412 -- Amick BC 3rd, McDonough P, Chang H, Rogers WH, Pieper CF, Duncan G. Relationship between all-cause mortality and cumulative working life course psychosocial and physical exposures in the United States labor market from 1968 to 1992. Psychosom Med. 2002 May-Jun;64(3):370-81.

2002 -- Pubmed # 12459938 -- Colón-Emeric CS, Pieper CF, Artz MB. Can historical and functional risk factors be used to predict fractures in community-dwelling older adults? development and validation of a clinical tool. Osteoporos Int. 2002 Dec;13(12):955-61.

2002 -- Pubmed # 12473002 -- Morey MC, Pieper CF, Crowley GM, Sullivan RJ, Puglisi CM. Exercise adherence and 10-year mortality in chronically ill older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002 Dec;50(12):1929-33.

2001 -- Pubmed # 11405433 -- Hybels CF, Blazer DG, Pieper CF. Toward a threshold for subthreshold depression: an analysis of correlates of depression by severity of symptoms using data from an elderly community sample. Gerontologist. 2001 Jun;41(3):357-65.

2000 -- Kuchibhatla M, Pieper C, Schenkman M.  'An application of generalizability theory to study a physical performance measure in Parkinson's Disease.'  Aging: Clinical and Experimental Research,  2000;12(1):29-34.

2000 -- Pubmed # 11078094 -- Pieper CF, Rao KM, Currie MS, Harris TB, Chen HJ. Age, functional status, and racial differences in plasma D-dimer levels in community-dwelling elderly persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000 Nov;55(11):M649-57.

1997 -- Pubmed # 9403743 -- Galanos AN, Pieper CF, Kussin PS, Winchell MT, Fulkerson WJ, Harrell FE Jr, Teno JM, Layde P, Connors AF Jr, Phillips RS, Wenger NS. Relationship of body mass index to subsequent mortality among seriously ill hospitalized patients. SUPPORT Investigators. The Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcome and Risks of Treatments. Crit Care Med. 1997 Dec;25(12):1962-8.

1996 -- Landerman,R, Land,K, Pieper,C, 'An Empirical Evaluation of the Predictive Mean Matching Method for Imputing Missing Values', Sociological Methods & Research.

1993 -- Pieper,C, Warren,K, Pickering,T, 'Blood Pressure and Heart Rate on Work and Non-Work Days', Journal of Hypertension, 1993:11,177-183.

1991 -- Pieper,C, and Pickering,T, 'Methods for the Analysis of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Data' in Ambulatory Monitoring and Blood Pressure Variability, by Thomas Pickering, Science Press, London, 1991.

1989 -- Pieper,C, LaCroix,A, Karasek,R, 'The Relationship of Psychological Job Dimensions with Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors: A Meta-Analysis of 5 U.S. Data Bases', American Journal of Epidemiology, 1989, 129(3), 483-92.